These are the proceedings of the Second ICTP Conference on tests of electroweak physics held in Trieste, Italy at the International Centre for Theoretical Physics. The main purpose of the Conference was to decide upon a set of experiments to be done in the near future which would test the standard model at the one loop level as well as to see any deviation due to physics beyond the standard model. To this end the natural focus of the Conference was on the e+e~ colliders LEP at CERN and SLC at SLAC. Z~ annihilation is not effected by large strong interaction uncertainties because there are no hadrons in the initial state. The energy of these colliders can be tuned to precisely the Z^ resonance allowing for precision measurements of the properties of the Z. It was stressed at the Conference that the use of polarized beams was of tremendous advantage for the experimental programs of LEP and SLC. This would allow, by measurement of the various asymmetries to be formed, the precision study of the couplings of both familiar and novel particles to the Z.